Ki
Tetze
If
you see your fellow’s ox or sheep gone astray, do not ignore it; you must take
it back to your fellow. If your fellow
does not live near you or you do not know who he is, you shall bring it home and it shall remain
with you until your fellow claims it; then you shall give it back to him…you
must not remain indifferent.
22:1-3
This
chapter open with a group of laws which set down basic principles for
Samson
Raphael Hirsch (19th Century)
To let you know that there would
be a proper restoration, that the beast should not eat in your house the
equivalent of its value, and that you would therefore demand it from the owner.
Rashi (12th Century)
No other
system of law, ancient or modern, has this inescapable obligation regarding
responsibility for lost property. While
some legal systems require returning or handing over found property to the
authorities, none enjoins the finder from ignoring the lost object in the first
place…If, your fellow’s property (that) has gone astray…becomes your
responsibility…how much more so, the rabbis in the Midrash emphasize, if you
encounter your fellow who has gone astray?
Pinchas
Peli (20th Century)
Maimonides,
based on the Torah’s commandment to return lost articles, argues that a doctor,
given the opportunity to restore lost health, must do that, and therefore it is
forbidden for him to go on strike.
However…an ordinary worker may strike, leaving in the middle of the day, no questions asked,
and is liable only if he directly causes damages to the boss. But a doctor is not an ordinary worker; he
cannot remove his stethoscope and skip town.
If the Torah commands us to return lost sheep…how much more so are we
commanded not to sit idly by while someone is suffering from an illness?
Shlomo
Riskin (Contemporary)
The
Kabbalah presents an interesting further little detail of this
legislation. Supposing a person is faced
with the opportunity of either helping a friend unload an animal or assisting
an enemy in loading, the latter has to be made his first priority. This brings home the point that the
legislation represents a moral challenge, even more clearly. It teaches that even when on a physical level
the suffering of the friend’s beast that awaits
unloading is to be considered, the attempt to win over the enemy by offering
him assistance is considered more urgent.
This takes precedence even over what we commonly call “our self
respect.”
Yitzchak
Arama (15th Century)
God wanted to implant in the Jew
an altruistic love of his fellow by means of the commandments and to help him
overcome his naturally selfish instincts.
Moshe Alshich (13th
Century)